On the Origins of Feminism in Russian Children’s Literature (Arguments and Resentments)

Abstract

The literary and publishing activity of Alexsandra Ishimova falls into the period of a heated discussion over the “women’s question” in the 19th-century Russian society. As envisioned by Ishimova, the girls’ magazines (from 1842 — Zvyozdochka/Little Star, from 1850 — Luchi/Rays) were called to assist in forming “little women’s communities” that were traditional and patriarchal, as well as socially active. They were supposed to unite girls within the boundaries of gender and age. Ishimova believed that the study of handcraft and cultural customs would strengthen social ties inside the women’s community. Feminist-spirited noblewomen viewed Ishimova’s activity as an example of gender solidarity. Radical activists for “women’s rights” accused the publisher of promoting patriarchy and of “putting girls into traditional bondage”. The heated debate between Ishimova and the editorial staff of another journal, Rassvet/Dawn, has reflected the controversy over the “women’s question”. The article by Marina Kostiukhina.    Keywords: 19th century, feminism, gender-based upbringing in Russia, women’s society, girl’s magazines, publisher Alexandra Ishimova